A Brief Introduction to the Targums. By Mark G. Vitalis Hoffman at the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg. A handy two-page fact sheet for students.
Targum article from the Jewish Encyclopedia, by Wilhelm Bacher. A detailed discussion, though somewhat dated (1906).
The Peshitta. A brief history of the version by Glenn Davis. Also here.
The Syriac Translations of the Scriptures. By James Murdock (1851). Appendix II from Murdock's English translation of the Peshitta, giving a history of the version as it was understood in the early nineteenth century. The article is incorrect regarding the date of the Peshitta, and gives an exaggerated opinion of its importance, but it does give much accurate information.
The Septuagint in English. The Brenton translation, first published in 1851. The translation of the Apocrypha is according to the KJV. Provided online by Ernie Marsh.
Thomson's translation of the Septuagint and the New Testament — The Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Covenant, commonly called the Old and New Testament, translated from the Greek. By Charles Thomson, Late Secretary to the Congress of the United States (Philadelphia: Jane Aitken, 1808), in four volumes:
vol. 1 (Genesis–1 Samuel, also here);
vol. 2 (2 Samuel–Psalms);
vol. 3 (Proverbs–Malachi);
vol. 4 (New Testament, also here, here, and here)
The Apostolic Bible. A complete interlinear Greek-English Septuagint in PDF files, edited by Charles Van der Pool.
Theological and Academic Resources for the Septuagint. By Joel Kalvesmaki. Here you will find links to studies on the Septuagint, links to several online or downloadable Septuagint texts and versions, and a bibliography.
Notes on the Septuagint. By R. Grant Jones. A comprehensive study of the use of the Septuagint in the New Testament.
The Septuagint: God's Blessing on Translation. By Debra E. Anderson, at the Trinitarian Bible Society. Contains some interesting observations relating to God's use of translations.
Images of the Goettingen Papyrus Codex 967. Excellent scans of one of the oldest Septuagint manuscripts, containing Ezekiel, Daniel, and Esther, from about the year 200 AD. The introduction (in German) is here.
Old-Latin Biblical Texts: No. I. The Gospel according to St. Matthew from the St. Germain MS. (g1), Now Numbered Lat. 11553 in the National Library at Paris, etc., edited by John Wordsworth (Oxford, 1883).
Old-Latin Biblical Texts: No. II. Portions of the Gospels according to St. Mark and St. Matthew from the Bobbio MS. (k), now numbered G. VIII.15 in the National Library at Turin; together with other fragments of the Gospels from six MSS. in the Libraries of St. Gall, Coire, Milan, and Berne, etc., edited by John Wordsworth, William Sanday, and Henry J. White (Oxford, 1886).
Old-Latin Biblical Texts: No. III. The Four Gospels from the Munich MS. (q) now Numbered Lat. 6224 in the Royal Library at Munich, with A Fragment from St. John in the Hof-Bibliothek at Vienna (Cod. Lat. 502), etc., edited by Henry J. White (Oxford, 1888).
Old-Latin Biblical Texts: No. IV. Portions of the Acts of the Apostles, of the Epistle of St. James, and of the First Epistle of St. Peter from the Bobbio Palimpsest (s), now Numbered Cod. 16 in the Imperial Library at Vienna, etc., edited by Henry J. White (Oxford, 1897).
Old-Latin Biblical Texts: No. V. The Four Gospels from the Codex Corbeiensis (ff), being the first complete edition of the MS. now numbered Lat. 17225 in the National Library at Paris, together with Fragments of the Catholic Epistles, of the Acts, and of the Apocalypse from the Fleury Palimpsest (h) now numbered Lat. 6400 G in the same library, etc., edited by E.S. Buchanan (Oxford, 1907).
Vulgate Texts Online
The Gutenberg Bible reproduces the text of a now-lost manuscript of the corrupt Exemplar Parisiense tradition, which was the most widely used form of the Vulgate text from the thirteenth century up to the middle of the sixteenth century. The entire text of this famous Bible is online in high-resolution images in three places: the University of Göttingen, the British Library, and the University of Texas. Of these three, the British site has the largest and sharpest images, but all are worth visiting for their helpful background pages.
The Clementine Vulgate is the late medieval form of the text that Pope Clement VIII authorized in 1592, and the basis of the Douay-Rheims version. At the Clementine Vulgate Project Michael Tweedale has made available an electronic transcription (from the 1946 edition of Colunga and Turrado) with punctuation and paragraph formatting. Ronald L. Conte Jr. at SacredBible.org has put online a complete edition (edited by Carolus Vercellone, 1861) in page images, along with some other resources relating to the Vulgate. (Also here. I note that Vercellone's edition gives also the Latin text of First and Second Esdras and the Prayer of Manasseh in an appendix.)
Weber's critical text of the Vulgate (Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1975), which represents early manuscripts, is online in several places in different formats. On some of these sites the text is defective in Daniel, breaking off at 3:24 (where the apocryphal "Song of the Three Holy Children" insertion begins in Weber's edition), and some sites supply the remainder of Daniel (with the additions in chapter 3 and at the end, chapters 13 and 14) from the Clementine vulgate—a modern example of what textual critics call "block mixture" in the transmission of texts. I also note that the sites which have added the portions from the Clementine edition have also incorporated Jerome's comments about the additional matter into the text. In Daniel 3:23, 90, and 12:13 his comments ("Quae sequuntur in Hebraeis voluminibus non reperi," "Hucusque in Hebraeo non habetur et quae posuimus de Theodotionis editione translata sunt," and "Hucusque Danielem in hebraeo volumine legimus Quae sequuntur usque ad finem libri de Theodotionis editione translata sunt") appear in the text as if they were part of the translation. The additions to Esther, which Jerome placed at the end of the book, are omitted in all but one of the sites listed below.
bibelwissenschaft.de (website of the German Bible Society) has the full text of Weber's edition online. In Daniel the apocryphal additions are included in chap. 3 and at the end of the book, with special marks. This is the only site which includes the additions to Esther.
latinvulgate.com has Weber's text with the apocryphal additions to Daniel, and with a parallel translation (the Challoner-Rheims).
scripturetext.com has the text according to Weber, minus the apocryphal additions in Daniel and Esther.
drbo.org has it in chapter files, with a search utility; but in Daniel, from 3:23 to the end, the text is not Weber's, but from the Clementine edition, and Esther breaks off at 10:2.
The Bible Gateway has the same mixed text as drbo.org, for browsing.
Bibliotheca Augustana has Weber's text, with Daniel broken off at 3:23, and Esther at 10:2, in one large file for each book. Also here.
The IntraText Digital Library (provided by an Italian software company named Èulogos) has the same text (with Daniel broken off at 3:23 and Esther at 10:2) outfitted with hypertext links to a concordance and word lists. This is a must-see.
Daniel and additions to Esther. Complete text of Daniel and the additions to Esther. This site was put up by Dennis McCarthy at the Catholic Center at Georgia Tech in order to supply the deficiency in the online texts noted above, but instead of Weber's critical text here we have the text according to the Clementine Vulgate (ed. Hetzenauer, 1914). This is the source used by compilers of the "mixed" elecronic texts noted above.
Latin Words in Context. A search utility at the Perseus site that finds instances of words and phrases appearing in many Latin texts. Useful in searching for examples of Latin idioms and phrases.
Latin Dictionary and Grammar Aid. From the University of Notre Dame. The dictionary here is very simple compared to the one at the Perseus site. Included on the page are some helpful links to other resources for students of Latin.
Latin Language and Literature. A good page of links maintained by the staff of the Alcuin Library at Saint John's University in Collegeville, Minnesota.
